论文摘要翻译，不要工具翻译的，谢谢了。

1. 论文摘要翻译，不要工具翻译的，谢谢了。

我帮你翻译
 
 
1、题目。应能概括整个论文最重要的内容，言简意赅，引人注目，一般不宜超过20个字。
论文摘要和关键词。
2、论文摘要应阐述学位论文的主要观点。说明本论文的目的、研究方法、成果和结论。尽可能保留原论文的基本信息，突出论文的创造性成果和新见解。而不应是各章节标题的简单罗列。摘要以200字左右为宜。关键词是能反映论文主旨最关键的词句，一般3-5个。
3、目录。既是论文的提纲，也是论文组成部分的小标题，应标注相应页码。
4、引言（或序言）。内容应包括本研究领域的国内外现状，本论文所要解决的问题及这项研究工作在经济建设、科技进步和社会发展等方面的理论意义与实用价值。
5、正文。是毕业论文的主体。
6、结论。论文结论要求明确、精炼、完整，应阐明自己的创造性成果或新见解，以及在本领域的意义。
7、参考文献和注释。按论文中所引用文献或注释编号的顺序列在论文正文之后，参考文献之前。图表或数据必须注明来源和出处。

2. 跪求 ，论文摘要的英文翻译 。（不要用翻译工具的）

鸿信公司人力资源管理
摘要
鸿信人力资源管理的主要对策：招聘工作改进，做好招聘需求分析和招聘计划。 企业招聘用人策略的改进。强化培训职能。强化薪酬管理。建立有效的激励机制，物质激励，精神激励。人力力资源经理必须以自己的实际行动向企业管理者、决策者传递一种紧迫感 。人力资源目标和计划必须生动形象地得以交流和沟通 。采用渐进的方式逐步实现目标人力资源管理改进得到决策层和经营者的支持。要想获得成功必须对目标进行透彻的分析。
关键字 人力资源管理；现状；问题；对策
Hongxin company's human resource management
Summary
Of Hongxin human resources management major responses: the recruitment process improvement, good recruitment needs and recruitment program. Recruitment and employment policy improvements. Intensive training functions. Strengthen remuneration manage. To establish an effective incentive mechanism, material incentives, mental stimulation. Human Resources Managers must own practical action to business managers, policymakers convey a sense of urgency. Objectives and plans of human resources must be vivid exchange and communication. The evolutionary approach is the progressive realization of the goal of human resources management to improve decision-making and operations support. In order to be successful must make a thorough analysis of the target.
Keyword human resources management; Present; problems; countermeasures


望采纳，O(∩_∩)O谢谢

3. 寻求英语翻译（论文摘要）不要使用翻译工具

As our country's economy developes, our people's living standards increase, family assets have also been increasing continuously. Hence, financial investiment have already become problems that have increase importance day by day. The mojarity of Chinese families have low risk tolerance in financial investiment. CHFS,China Household Finance Survey shows that in Chinese families' financial assets, cash in banks takes up the largest part with 55.7%; cash comes second, 17.83%; shares comes third,15.45%; fund,4.09%; bank-finanical products,6.83%. Thus, it's clear that cash in bank and cash make up a very large proportion. 
How to choose the most suitable types of family finanical assets, how to control one's mind within the risk bearing capacity and how to invest family assets intelligently to obtain the most income in investment (return) are questions which many investors care about.

（接下来一句有些问题，不知意思有没变）Families should change their traditional planning schedule for investments, at the same time as they consume appropriately, they should increase the scale of their invest. Investors should correctly acknowledge and use financial tools rationally. They should arrange their financial portfolio combo accourding to their family background and conditions. Our country should speed up the reform of its finanical market. 

Financial institutions should train professional financial plannersat the same time as they in strengthen their advertising and marketing. So they can provide practical, tailored financial plans for family to meet their needs of financial investments. Because products have no risk, the risks come from people. Mature investors should aviod risks from their strategical operations.

4. 论文摘要翻译，不要翻译工具的。谢谢了急啊

Subject:The application of Balance Score Card (BSC) to Performance Management in Minor Enterprises.
 
Abstract: As a new tool for performance management, BSC brings revolution of new thought to modern management. Its value in application in enterprises has been widely affirmed. But duo to the existing problems in China's minor enterprises and the limitation of BSC applicable scope, this makes it difficult to play a effective role in minor enterprises. Today, minor enterprises hold a strong position in the Chinese market. For promoting the healthy development of them, it is necessary to study on how to implement the BSC in minor enterprises. This paper analyzed the problems existing in the application of BSC in China's minor enterprises through the clarification  of the meaning and character of BSC. Then based on this, proposed a solution to the proper use and structure of the BSC in minor enterprises.
 
Key words: BSC; Minor Enterprises; Performance Management.

5. 论文摘要翻译（不要翻译软件的），谢谢

随着网络技术的发展和社会经济模式的飞速变化衍生出一种新型的商务操作模式---电子商务。电子商务（E-business）是指交易各方通过电子方式进行的商业交易，它是一种系统的，完整的电子商务运作，它包括方案的提出、设计、实施以及建立在其上的商务应用等各个方面。网上书城就是一种电子商务系统。
With the development of network technologies and the rapid change of social economic models, a new business operation mode – theE-business– is derived. E-business refers to the business transactions done in electronic ways among the parties; it is a systematic and completeE-businessoperation, which includes various aspects such as proposal, design and implementation of a scheme and the business applications based on it. Online bookstore, for example, is an E-business system.
本文设计的网上书城采用的是目前比较流行的JSP技术，并使用SQL Server 2000进行数据库设计，基本实现了预定的目标，建立起了一个比较完善的购书网站。
The online bookstore in this paper is designed with the currently popular JSP technology using the SQL Server 2000 for its database design, which has basically achieved the preset goals and set up a relatively perfect bookstore website.
本文详细介绍了整个网站的开发流程，并对各个功能模块进行了深入的分析。整个系统分为用户模块、前台操作模块和后台操作模块。
A detailed introduction of the entire site development process is given, and an in-depth analysis is made on the various function modules in this paper. The whole system is composed of the user module, theforegroundoperation module and the background/backstage operation module.
用户模块包括用户注册、用户登录和用户资料修改。前台操作模块包括系统首页、新书上架查阅、图书分类查阅、购物车管理和订单查询等功能模块。后台操作模块包括图书管理、用户管理、订单管理以及公告管理等功能模块。
The user module includes user registration, user login and user data modification. The foreground operation module includesthe functional modules such assystem home page, search for new books, search for classified books, shopping cart management and order inquiries. The background operation module includes the functional modules such as book management, user management, order management and public notice/BBS management function module.
该系统界面美观大方，能够满足用户的购书需求，用户能够通过本网站方便的买到自己喜欢的书籍。
The system interface is beautifully designed to satisfy users’ demand for book-shopping so that they can conveniently buy the books (that) they like in this site.

6. 论文摘要翻译，不要工具翻译的，重谢

Nowadays, as an important part of the Contract law ,  as a kind of  contract alteration, assignment of Credit plays a vital role in commercial activity. But system design for it is controversial in our country,the regulations about it in legislation  is incomplete, and there is also contentious  to theoretical cycle that considers the contract as the kausalgeschaft. Withal,in view of commercial circulation, convenient and fast, the author thinks it's naturally to admit that the non-reason for assignment of Credit.
 
翻译的有点生硬，也不知道专业不专业，assignment of Credit 在我的翻译里是债权让与的意思，如果有更专业的词请替换掉。供你参考，自己再润色润色。
另外，如果是论文，你还少了关键词Key words，从你提供的摘要来看，关键词应该是债权让与，债权让与合同，个人拙见，希望可以帮到你！

7. 论文摘要翻译（不要翻译软件的，求人工翻译）

随着计算机网络的发展，电子邮件已经成为网络中传递信息不可或缺的一部分。基于JAVA的Web邮件系统采用B/S结构，避免了原有的C/S结构的弊端。并使用目前流行的JAVA语言与开源框架SSH开发而成。邮件服务器选用了免费、开源、支持STMP与POP3协议的Apache James邮件服务器。在数据存储上使用了目前使用最广泛的Oracle数据库。
With the development of computer networks, webmails have become an essential part in the process of transferring information in networks. JAVA-based  webmail system adopts B/S structure, which avoids the original drawbacks of C/S framework. Besides, JAVA-based Webmail is developed from the current popular JAVA language and opensource frame work - SSH. Mail servers uses the  free and opensource Apache James mail servers, which supports STMP and POP3 protocol. As to data storage, it utilizes the most widely-used Oracle database.

    本文介绍了基于Java的Web邮件系统开发所使用的工具、语言和环境，并对系统的注册、登录、管理、发送和接收邮件等基本功能及设计方法做了详细阐述。在整个系统的分析与设计中，详细分析了邮件系统的功能流程和功能分析，具体展现了用户的各个功能模块。在系统的实现中，介绍了各个模块的实现方法。最后，结合软件工程学，对系统进行了测试。The paper introduces the tools, languages and environments which are used for developing Java-based Webmail system. And it elucidates on the registration, entry, administration, sending and receiving emails as well as other basic functions and their designing methods pertinent to  the system. During the analysis and design of the whole system, the author thoroughly analyzes the functional procedures and functional discussion of the Webmail system, and presents various functional modules of the users in a very specific way. During the part of system implementation, the paper discusses the implementary methods of different modules. Finally, the author carries out a test on the system from the perspective of software engineering.
仅供参考，欢迎指正

8. 论文摘要翻译（不要在线软件翻译的）

Abstract: With the development of China's real estate market, the business strategy that production is the core and sales is the purpose  is gradually being replaced by the customer-centric strategy. With analyzing the value for customers initiatively, understanding and analyzing  customers' needstrends, strengthening the management of the relationship with customers and enhancing customer value, the real estate companies will be able to account for a large advantage in the  process of obtaining core competitiveness. At the same time, when investigating innovative real estate marketing strategy, the real estate companies need to focus more on the analysis of customer value, as customer value theory is a "gold mining worthy to be discover" in the process of real estate marketing strategy innovation. 
 
This paper will firstly give an analysis of the current real estate market situation, combined with the real estate market regulation policies issued by the government of the past two years, and discuss the good point of the marketing strategy and the point that is not suitable for the current market, then propose the necessity of strategy innovation based on customer value and some views and recommendations that help to enhance customer value.
 
 Keywords: customer value; real estate marketing strategy; innovation;
 
纯手工翻译，如有雷同，实属巧合