初中英语所有句型结构,各种时态结构

2024-05-07 17:47

1. 初中英语所有句型结构,各种时态结构

英语各种时态的概念和句型结构 
 
一、一般现在时 
1、概念:表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 2、句型结构 
(1)be(am,is,are)动词 
陈述肯定句:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。 陈述否定句:主语+be(am,is,are)+not+其它。 一般疑问句:Be(am,is,are)+主语+其它? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句?Who are they? 
反意疑问句:肯定陈述句+be(am,is,are)+not+主语(相应的代词)? Tom is a doctor, isn’t he? 
否定陈述句,+be(am,is,are)+主语(相应的代词)? Tom isn’t a doctor , is he? (2)实义动词 
陈述肯定句:其他人称:主语+v.原形+其它。 We go to the beach every Sunday. 第三人称单数:主语+v.s+其它。 Sally does her homework every day. 
陈述否定句:其他人称:主语+don’t+v.原形+其它。 We don’t go to the beach every Sunday. 第三人称单数:主语+doesn’t+v.原形+其它。 Sally doesn’t do her homework every day. 一般疑问句:其他人称:Do+主语+v.原形+其它? Do we go to the beach every Sunday? 
第三人称单数:Does+主语+v.原形+其它? Does Sally do her homework every day? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句? 其他人称:Where do you go every Sunday? 第三人称单数:What does Sally do every day? 
反意疑问句:肯定陈述句,+don’t/doesn’t+主语(相应的代词)? 其他人称:We go to the beach every Sunday, don’t we? 第三人称单数:Sally does her homework every day, doesn’t she? 否定陈述句,+do/does+主语(相应的代词)? 
其他人称:We don’t go to the beach every Sunday , do we? 第三人称单数:Sally doesn’t do her homework every day , does she?  
二、一般过去时 
1、概念:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 2、句型结构 
(1)be(was,were)动词 
陈述肯定句:主语+be(was,were)+其它。I was at home yesterday. 陈述否定句:主语+be(was,were)+not+其它. .I wasn’t at home yesterday. 
一般疑问句:Be(was,were)+主语+其它? Were you at home yesterday? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句? Where were you yesterday? 


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反意疑问句:肯定陈述句,+wasn’t/weren’t+主语(相应的代词)? Mary was at school yesterday , wasn’t she? 否定陈述句,+was/were+主语(相应的代词)? Mary wasn’t at school yesterday , was she? 
(2)实义动词(实义动词的过去式没有人称和数的变化) 陈述肯定句:主语+v.过去式+其它。 They had a meeting last Monday. 陈述否定句:主语+didn’t+v.原形+其它。 They didn’t have a meeting last Monday. 一般疑问句:Did+主语+v.原形+其它? Did they have a meeting last Monday? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句? When did they have a meeting? 
反意疑问句:肯定陈述句,+didn’t+主语(相应的代词)? They had a meeting last Monday ,didn’t they? 否定陈述句,+did+主语(相应的代词)? They didn’ t have a meeting last Monday ,did they?  
三、现在进行时 
1、概念:表示正在发生的动作,也可以用来表示按计划或安排将要进行的
动作,有“意图”或“打算”等含义。 2、构成:be(am,is,are)+v.ing 3、句型结构 
陈述肯定句:主语+be(am,is,are)+v.ing+其它。 Mike is listening to music. 
陈述否定句:主语+be(am,is,are)+not+v.ing+其它。 Mike isn’t listening to music. 
一般疑问句:Be(am,is,are)+主语+v.ing+其它? IsMikelisteningtomusic? 
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句? Whoislisteningtomusic? 
反意疑问句:肯定陈述句,+be(am,is,are)+not+主语(相应的代词)? Mikeislisteningtomusic,isn’the? 
否定陈述句,+be(am,is,are)+主语(相应的代词)? Mike isn’t listening to music ,is he?  
四、过去进行时 
1、概念:表示在过去某一特定的时刻或某一段时间正在发生的动作。 2、构成:be(was,were)+v.ing 3、句型结构 
陈述肯定句:主语+be(was,were)+v.ing+其它。 They were working this time yesterday. 
陈述否定句:主语+be(was,were)+not+v.ing+其它。 They weren’t working this time yesterday. 一般疑问句:Be(was,were)+主语+v.ing+其它? Were they working this time yesterday? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句? What were they doing this time yesterday? 
反意疑问句:肯定陈述句,+wasn’t/weren’t+主语(相应的代词)? They were working this time yesterday , weren’t they? 



 


 
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否定陈述句,+was/were+主语(相应的代词)? They weren’t working this time yesterday ,were they?  
五、一般将来时 
1、概念:表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。 2、构成:will(用于所有人称)/shall(只用于第一人称)+v.原形 3、句型结构 
陈述肯定句:主语+will+v.原形+其它。 Tina will buy a new pen  next month. 陈述否定句:主语+won’t+v.原形+其它。 Tina won’ t buy a new pen next month. 一般疑问句:Will+主语+v.原形+其它? Will Tina buy a new pen next month? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句? When will Tina buy a new pen? 
反意疑问句:肯定陈述句,+won’t+主语(相应的代词)? Tina will buy a new pen next month ,won’t she? 否定陈述句,+will+主语(相应的代词)? Tina won’t buy a new pen next month ,will she? 
begoingto+v.原形 
1、概念:begoingto+v.原形表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的
事情。 
2、构成:begoingto+v.原形 3、句型结构 
陈述肯定句:主语+be going to+v.原形+其它。 
Tony is going to be a doctor when he grows up. 陈述否定句:主语+be+not+goingto+v.原形+其它。 Tony isn’t going to be a doctor when he grows up. 
一般疑问句:Be+主语+goingto+v.原形+其它? Is Tony going to be a doctor when he grows up? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句? WhatisTonygoingtobewhenhegrowsup? 
反意疑问句:肯定陈述句,+be+not+主语(相应的代词)? Tonyisgoingtobeadoctorwhenhegrowsup,isn’the? 否定陈述句,+be+主语(相应的代词)? Tonyisn’tgoingtobeadoctorwhenhegrowsup,ishe?  
六、过去将来时 
1、概念:表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将
来时常用于宾语从句中。 2、构成:would+v.原形 3、句型结构 
陈述肯定句:主语+would+v.原形+其它。 Wang Ling would visi ther uncle. 
陈述否定句:主语+wouldn’t+v.原形+其它。 Wang Ling wouldn’t visit her uncle. 一般疑问句:Would+主语+v.原形+其它? Would Wang Ling visit he runcle? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句? Who would Wang Ling visit? 



 


 
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反意疑问句:肯定陈述句,+wouldn’t+主语(相应的代词)? Wang Ling would visit her uncle ,wouldn’t she? 否定陈述句,+would+主语(相应的代词)? Wang Ling wouldn’t visit her uncle ,would she? 
七、现在完成时 
1、概念: 
(1)表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 (2)表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某
一时刻延续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用。表示动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词。 2、构成:have/has+v.过去分词 3、句型结构 
陈述肯定句:主语+have/has+v.过去分词+其它。 I have already seen the film. 
陈述否定句:主语+haven’t/hasn’t+v.过去分词+其它。 I haven’t seen the film yet. 
一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+v.过去分词+其它? Have you seen the film yet? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句? Who have seen the film? 
反意疑问句:肯定陈述句,+haven’t/hasn’t+主语(相应的代词)? They have seen the film ,haven’t they? 
否定陈述句,+have/has+主语(相应的代词)? They haven’ t seen the film ,have they? 
八、过去完成时 
1、概念:表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作。它表示动作
发生的时间是“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用等构成的短语。 2、构成:had+v.过去分词 3、句型结构 
陈述肯定句:主语+had+v.过去分词+其它。 Tim had reached the station before ten o’clock. 陈述否定句:主语+hadn’t+v.过去分词+其它。 Tim hadn’t reached the station before ten o’clock. 一般疑问句:Had+主语+v.过去分词+其它? Had Tim reached the station before ten o’clock? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句? When had Tim reached the station? 
反意疑问句:肯定陈述句,+hadn’t+主语(相应的代词)? Tim had reached the station before ten o’clock,hadn’t he? 否定陈述句,+had+主语(相应的代词)? 
Tim hadn’t reached the station before ten o’clock,had he? 
感叹句What+n.+主语+谓语! 
What fine weather it is today! What an interesting story it is! How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语! How cold it is today! How fast they are running! 
祈使句肯定句:v.原形+其它.Open the door.Do it like this. 
否定句:Don’t+v.原形+其它.Don’t open the door. 
Don’t do it like this

初中英语所有句型结构,各种时态结构

2. 初中英语时态用法、结构等等都总结起来

时态与语态
英语中的“时”是表示时间区别的动词形式,在我国,TENSE通常译为“时态”,按照传统的理解,“时态”是表示动作发生的时间和表现方式的一种动词形式。按照传统的语法,英语动词的时态为十六种。
    英语中的“态”(vioce),又译作“语态”,是一个语法范畴,它是表示主语和动词之间的语法语义关系的动词形式。英语中的动词语态有主动语态(active vioce )和被动语态(passive voice)。主动语态用于主动分句,表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态用于被动分词,表示主语是动作的承受者。
一、英语动词的时态
    时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴,它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式,动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将时间形式和动作方式结合起来,就构成了以下16种时态形式(以do为例):
 
一  般
完  成
进  行
完 成 进 行
现 在
现在一般时
do
现在完成时
have done
现在进行时
is doing
现在完成进行时
have been doing
过 去
过去一般时
did
过去完成时
had done
过去进行时
was doing
过去完成进行时
had been doing
将 来
将来一般时
will do
将来完成时
will have done
将来进行时
will be doing
将来完成进行时
will have been doing
过去将来
过去将来一般时
would do
过去将来完成时
would have done
过去将来进行时
would be doing
过去将来完成进行时
would have been doing

【注】构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选
掌握方法:判断动词时态的技巧
1. 根据时间状语确定时态
时间状语与时态有着极为密切的关系,以下常与各种时态连用的时间状语:
一般现在时:every day,on Sunday等;
现在进行时:now,有时句前有Look!或Listen!等词提示;
一般将来时:this Sunday,next week,tomorrow,tomorrow morning,on Friday,in+一个时间段等;
一般过去时:yesterday,just now,last year,an hour ago,in 1985等。
2. 根据上、下文来确定时态
有些句子没有明显的时间状语,这时就可以根据上下文内容来判断时间关系,确定正确的时态。如:
—Who are you looking for?—I _________ (look) for Xiao Wang.
根据下文的语意来确定,本句应用现在进行时,答案应填am looking.
3. 根据语言习惯来确定时态,特别是在一些对话中更是如此。
二、动词的语态:
一)            掌握被动语态的结构
被动语态由“助动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成。不同时态的被动语态的差异主要体现在助动词be的变化上,同时助动词be 还要在人称和数上与主语保持一致。常见的几种时态的被动语态总结如下:
1.      一般现在时的被动语态:am / is / are + Vt..(过去分词) 如:
Basketball is played throughout the world.
English is used all over the world.
2.      一般过去时的被动语态:was / were + Vt.. (过去分词)
The picture was painted two years ago
The building was built in 1990.
3.      现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are +being +done 
Football is being played by students on the playground.
The flowers are being watered by the workers now.
4.      现在完成时的被动语态:have / has been + done.
The room has been cleaned.
Six English songs have been learned by Class Five.
5.      一般将来时的被动语态:will / be going to +be +done 
The work will be finished tomorrow
An English speech is going to be held in the hall next week.
6.      含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词(can / may/ must…)+be + done.
Your homework must be handed in today.
More trees must be planted on the hill this year.
二)            掌握主动语态变为被动语态的方法
1.      主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语;
2.      主动语态的谓语动词由主动语态形式变为被动语态形式;
3.      主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语,放在被动结构的谓语动词之后。在无须说明动作的执行者或只强调动作的承受者时,by短语可以省略。如:
主动语态:My brother repaired that bike yesterday.
             S       Vt.     O      Adv.(时间状语)
 
 
被动语态:That bike was repaired (by my brother) yesterday.
三)            注意主动语态变为被动语态的几种特殊句型
1.      含有短语动词的被动语态
一般来说,只有及物动词才有被动语态。另外,许多不及物动词加上介词或副词构成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,后面也可有宾语。在变为被动语态时注意不可丢掉后面的介词或副词,常见的这类动词有:
Take care of, look after, take off, look at, send for, look up等。如:
The old people should be taken good care of in our country.
The old woman is looked after in her family.
He took off his coat and went to bed.→His coat was taken off and went to bed.
2.      含有双宾语的动词的被动语态
含有双宾语的主动句改为被动句时,应将其中一个宾语改为被动结构的主语,另一个宾语仍保留在原处。一般有两种情况:
1)一是把间接宾语(指人)变为主语,直接宾语(指物)不变。如:
My uncle will give me a computer next year.→
I will be given a computer (by my uncle) next year.
2)二是把直接宾语变为主语,间接宾语不变,这时,间接宾语前通常加介词to,有时也加for。如:
My father gave me a new book on my birthday.→
A new book was give (by my father ) on my birthday.
3.      带有复合宾语的动词的被动语态
带有复合宾语(宾语和宾语补足语)的主动语态变为被动语态时,只把宾语变为被动语态的主语,原来的宾语补足语不动。同时,如果宾语补足语是省略to的动词不定式,变为被动语态时,必须加上不定式符号to,这类动词有make, let, see, hear, watch等。如:
We find English very useful. →English is found useful.
I often hear her sing in her room.→ She is often heard to sing in her room.
The boss made his workers finish the jobs on time.→ His workers were made to finish the jobs on time. 
4.      有的动词的主动形式可以表示被动意义,这类动词有:wash, sell, smell, taste, sound, feel, 等。如:
The books sell well. 书很畅销。
    The food tastes good. 食物偿起好吃。

3. 初中英语十六种时态的结构和用法介绍。

一 般 现 在 时
.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。  
动词用原形(单三人称动词加s / es) 
(问句和否定句借用助词do / does) 

一 般 过 去 时 
概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
动词用过去式 
(问句和否定句借用助词did) 

现 在 进 行 时 
概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
am +动词-ing 
is +动词-ing 
are +动词-ing 

过 去 进 行 时 
概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
was +动词-ing 
were +动词-ing 

一 般 将 来 时 
概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
(1)will + 动词原形 
(2)am +going to+动词原形 
Is +going to+动词原形 
are +going to+动词原形 

过 去 将 来 时 
概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
(1)would + 动词原形 
(2)was +going to+动词原形 
were +going to+动词原形 

现 在 完 成 时 
概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
have +过去分词 
has +过去分词 

过 去 完 成 时 
概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
had +过去分词 

十六种时态 
一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,一般过去将来时; 
现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去将来进行时; 
现在完成时,过去完成时,将来完成时,过去将来完成时; 
现在完成进行时,过去完成进行时,将来完成进行时,过去将来完成进行时.

1.以现在为基准,此时此刻所发生的事——现在进行时(确定时间点)
我“正在”吃饭。

2.最近的某种状态,或者客观存在,一直到现在都是如此——一般现在时(不确定时间点,最近)
车(这阵)停在门口。
我(一直)叫金三顺。

3.之前的某种状态,或者过去的客观存在,但现在已经不是了——一般过去时(不确定时间点,之前)
我“过去”喜欢逛商场(现在不了)。
车“刚才”停在门口(现在不在了)。

4.过去某点正在做什么——过去进行时(确定时间点)
警察录口供,昨晚×点你在做什么(过去的那个时间点)?

5.过去开始,现在完成了——现在完成时(开始与过去某点结束于现在的时间段)
终于把活干完了

6.过去开始,到稍早前过去完成——过去完成时(开始于过去某点结束于过去的时间段)
我昨天到晚上才把活干完

7.未来的状态或者客观存在——一般将来时(未来不确定时间点)
我晚上8点回来(8点我会在这)
明天会有一场比赛

8.从过去角度描述以后的状态或存在——过去将来时(基准点挪至过去某点,表述该点之后的不确定时间点)
年初他说五一要来北京。(现在是年底,五一对于过去的年初来说是未来)

9.从现在角度预测即将完成的事件——将来完成时(从过去或现在的某时间点到未来确定时间点的时间段)
明天中午这项工作就会完成

10.一直在做某件事,到现在——现在完成进行时(从过去某时间点到当前的时间点,一直保持某种状态的时间段)
我从下午到晚上一直都在看书。

初中英语十六种时态的结构和用法介绍。

4. 初中英语的时态和结构 用法

初中英语时态及结构 
  一般现在时:
  句子结构: 肯定句 主语+be (am, is, are ) + 其他
  否定句 主语+be not +其他
  疑问句 Be+主语+其他
  或: 肯定句 主语+动词原型+其他 ( 第三人称单数作主语动词要加"s" )
  否定句 主语+don't+动词原型+其他(第三人称单数作主语don't改为doesn't)
  疑问句 DO+主语+动词原型+其他(第三人称单数作主语do改为doess)
  关键词: sometimes, often, usually, always, every day, on Sunday 
  afternoon, at 10 o'clockin the morning, five days a week, three 
  times a month等.
  注:在时间壮语从句,条件壮语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来时,这时一般从
  句用一般现在时,主句用将来时
  现在进行时:
  句子结构:肯定句 主语+be +动词的现在分词+其他
  否定句 主语+be not+动词的现在分词+其他
  疑问句 Be +主语+动词的现在分词+其他
  关键词:now, right now, at the moment, It's+几点钟等的句子.或look, 
  listen, keep quiet等提示语.
  一般将来时: 
  句子结构: 肯定句 主语+will+动词原型+其他
  否定句 主语+will not +动词原型+其他
  疑问句 Will +主语+动词原型+其他 
  (will 可改为be going to ,当主语是第一人称时will可用shall)
  关键词:tomorrow, tomorrow morning, at seven o'clock tomorrow evening, 
  next year,
  at ten o'clock next Sunday, this year, at the end of this term, from now 
  on, in the year 2008, soon, in a few days' time, in the future 等.
  一般过去时:
  句子结构:肯定句 主语+be(was,were)+其他
  否定句 主语+be not+其他
  疑问句 Be+主语+其他
  或: 肯定句 主语+动词的过去式+其他
  否定句 主语+did not+动词原型+其他
  疑问句 Did+主语+动词原型+其他 
  关键词:yesterday,yesterday morning等 ,last week, last year, at the end 
  of last term,
  一段时间+ago如:ten years ago, five hours ago, on January 1st,2004, in the 
  1980s等.
  Just now,in the old days, long ago, a moment ago等.
  过去进行时:
  句子结构: 肯定句 主语+was/were+动词的现在分词+其他
  否定句 主语+was/were not +动词的现在分词+其他
  疑问句 Was/Were + 主语+ 动词的现在分词+其他
  关键词:具体时间+过去的时间壮语 如:at ten o'clock yesterday morning, at 
  this time last Sunday等.
  现在完成时:
  句子结构:肯定句 主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他(第三人称单数用has)
  否定句 主语+have/has not+动词的过去分词+其他
  疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词+其他
  关键词:already, yet, just, ever, never ,so far, for +一段时间,since+过去的
  时间或过去时从句.或this year alone"今年以来",these five years alone"这五年
  以来",in the last ten years "在过去的十年中"等.
  过去将来时:
  句子结构: 肯定句 主语+ would+ 动词原型+其他
  否定句 主语+ would not + 动词原型+ 其他
  疑问句 Would+主语+动词原型+其他
  (would可改为was/were going to ,主语第一人称时would可用should)
  过去将来时主要用在宾语从句中.
  过去完成时:
  句子结构: 肯定句 主语+had + 动词的过去分词+其他
  否定句 主语+had not +动词的过去分词+其他
  疑问句 Had+主语+动词的过去分词+其他
  关键词:by+过去某一时间点 如:by last year, by the end of+过去某一时间点 如:
  by the end of last year, before+过去某一时间点,by the time +从句,或宾语从
  句中.

5. 所有初中英语时态语法及其结构

初中英语时态及结构 一般现在时: 句子结构: 肯定句 主语+be (am, is, are ) + 其他 否定句 主语+be not +其他 疑问句 Be+主语+其他 或: 肯定句 主语+动词原型+其他 ( 第三人称单数作主语动词要加"s" ) 否定句 主语+don't+动词原型+其他(第三人称单数作主语don't改为doesn't) 疑问句 DO+主语+动词原型+其他(第三人称单数作主语do改为doess) 关键词: sometimes, often, usually, always, every day, on Sunday afternoon, at 10 o'clockin the morning, five days a week, three times a month等. 注:在时间壮语从句,条件壮语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来时,这时一般从 句用一般现在时,主句用将来时 现在进行时: 句子结构:肯定句 主语+be +动词的现在分词+其他 否定句 主语+be not+动词的现在分词+其他 疑问句 Be +主语+动词的现在分词+其他 关键词:now, right now, at the moment, It's+几点钟等的句子.或look, listen, keep quiet等提示语. 一般将来时: 句子结构: 肯定句 主语+will+动词原型+其他 否定句 主语+will not +动词原型+其他 疑问句 Will +主语+动词原型+其他 (will 可改为be going to ,当主语是第一人称时will可用shall) 关键词:tomorrow, tomorrow morning, at seven o'clock tomorrow evening, next year, at ten o'clock next Sunday, this year, at the end of this term, from now on, in the year 2008, soon, in a few days' time, in the future 等. 一般过去时: 句子结构:肯定句 主语+be(was,were)+其他 否定句 主语+be not+其他 疑问句 Be+主语+其他 或: 肯定句 主语+动词的过去式+其他 否定句 主语+did not+动词原型+其他 疑问句 Did+主语+动词原型+其他 关键词:yesterday,yesterday morning等 ,last week, last year, at the end of last term, 一段时间+ago如:ten years ago, five hours ago, on January 1st,2004, in the 1980s等. Just now,in the old days, long ago, a moment ago等. 过去进行时: 句子结构: 肯定句 主语+was/were+动词的现在分词+其他 否定句 主语+was/were not +动词的现在分词+其他 疑问句 Was/Were + 主语+ 动词的现在分词+其他 关键词:具体时间+过去的时间壮语 如:at ten o'clock yesterday morning, at this time last Sunday等. 现在完成时: 句子结构:肯定句 主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他(第三人称单数用has) 否定句 主语+have/has not+动词的过去分词+其他 疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词+其他 关键词:already, yet, just, ever, never ,so far, for +一段时间,since+过去的 时间或过去时从句.或this year alone"今年以来",these five years alone"这五年 以来",in the last ten years "在过去的十年中"等. 过去将来时: 句子结构: 肯定句 主语+ would+ 动词原型+其他 否定句 主语+ would not + 动词原型+ 其他 疑问句 Would+主语+动词原型+其他 (would可改为was/were going to ,主语第一人称时would可用should) 过去将来时主要用在宾语从句中. 过去完成时: 句子结构: 肯定句 主语+had + 动词的过去分词+其他 否定句 主语+had not +动词的过去分词+其他 疑问句 Had+主语+动词的过去分词+其他 关键词:by+过去某一时间点 如:by last year, by the end of+过去某一时间点 如: by the end of last year, before+过去某一时间点,by the time +从句,或宾语从 句中.

所有初中英语时态语法及其结构

6. 关于初中英语的八大时态使用方法,结构!急死了

英语的时态(tense)是一种动词形式,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。
下面就英语中常见的八种基本时态进行阐述,其它的时态都是在这八种时态的基础上结合而成的。
一、 一般现在时:
1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month...), once a week, on Sundays, 
3.基本结构:动词 原形 (如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要加(e)S)
4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,通常还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
6.例句:It seldom snows here. 
         He is always ready to help others. 
         Action speaks louder than words. 
二、 一般过去时:
1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 
3.基本结构:be动词;行为动词
4.否定形式:was/were+not;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
6.例句:She often came to help us in those days. 
        I didn't know you were so busy. 
三、 现在进行时:
1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc. 
3.基本结构:am/is/are+doing 
4.否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing. 
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
6.例句:How are you feeling today? 
         He is doing well in his lessons. 
四、 过去进行时:
1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构:was/were+doing 
4.否定形式:was/were + not + doing. 
5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。
6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit. 
        When he came in, I was reading a newspaper. 
五、 现在完成时:
1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc. 
3.基本结构:have/has + done 
4.否定形式:have/has + not +done. 
5.一般疑问句:have或has提前
6.例句:I've written an article. 
        It has been raining these days. 
六、 过去完成时:
1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc. 
3.基本结构:had + done. 
4.否定形式:had + not + done. 
5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。
6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left. 
       By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books 
七、 一般将来时:
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc. 
3.基本结构:am/is/are/going to + do;will/shall + do. 
4.否定形式:was/were + not; 在行为动词前加won't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。
6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies. 
        It is going to rain. 
八、 过去将来时:
1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc. 
3.基本结构:was/were/going to do;would/should + do. 
4.否定形式:was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do. 
5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。
6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day. 
        I asked who was going there .

7. 初中英语十大时态的定义,用法,结构及例句

知识梳理1】一般现在时
1. 表示普遍真理或客观事实。
Light travels faster than sound.
2. 表示现在的习惯动作或状态。
She is always ready to help others.
3. 表示将来时间(用于某些条件状语从句和时间状语从句中)。
We will save time if we drive instead of taking a bus.
I will make a phone call to you as soon as I reach the destination.
4. 一般现在时的动词形式通常与动词原形相同,但在主语为第三人称单数时,词尾加-s或 -es,其规则如下:
1)一般动词都在词尾加-s,如:digs, sings, looks, lives, cleans 等。
2 )当动词以s,sh, ch, x,o 结尾时,加-es,如:presses,washes, watches, fixes, goes 等。
3)当动词以辅音字母+y结尾时,先将y成变i,再加-es,如:flies, cries, studies等。
4)如动词以元音字母+y结尾时,直接加-s,如:says, buys, plays等。
5)动词be的一般现在时,依据不同人称和数分别釆用am, is,are三种形式。
动词have的一般现在时,依据不同人称和数分别釆用have, has两种形式。
6)一般现在时常用的时间状语:often, always, usually, sometimes, every day, once a week 等。
 
【知识梳理2】—般过去时
1. 表示过去某时发生的事情。
The traffic accident happened ten minutes ago.
2. 表示过去的习惯动作。
When he was young, my father often swam in the river.
3. —般过去时的动词形式除不规则动词外,通常以动词原形加-ed表示,即动词的过去式;动词be的过去式为was, were。动词过去式的规则如下:
1)一般动词都在词尾加-ed,如:played,listened, turned, fixed, looked 等。
2)当动词以e 结尾时,只加-d,如:liked,danced, agreed, skated 等。
3)当动词以辅音字母+y结尾时,先将y成变i,再加-ed,如:cried,studied, carried等。
4)当动词为重读闭音节或以重读闭音节结尾时,要重复词尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如: stopped, preferred, regretted 等。
5)一般过去时常用的时间状语有:yesterday,last year, three days ago, just now, in 1978 等。
【巩固练习】
1. The bank robbery             (happen) last night.
2. Water             (boil) at the temperature of 100°C .
3. This kind of TV             (make) in Shanghai.
4. In the past, there             (be) only single-decker buses.
5. Matter             (change) from one state to another.
6. The electric light             (invent) by Edison.
7.             (raise) your hand if you             (know) the answer.
8. Tom ________ (drop) the vase(花瓶)and             (break) it a moment ago.
9. Yesterday he             (not realize) what a serious mistake he_________ (make).
10. The First World War             (take) place in 1914. Old John             (fight) in it.
Keys: 1. happened  2.boils 3. is made   4. were 5. changes 6. was invented 7. Raise, how
 8. dropped, broke9. didn’t realize, had made 10. took, fought
【知识梳理3】现在进行时
1. 表示说话时正在进行的动作。
—What are you doing now?
—We are having a test.
2. 表示现阶段暂时的习惯动作,该动作说话时不一定正在进行。
Mr. Brown is a teacher of maths, but he is now teaching computer lessons.
3. 表示不断重复的动作,常带always等频度副词,而且带有感情色彩。
Alice is always helping others.
4. 表示渐进的过程,通常适用于表示“转变”的动词。
When autumn comes, the weather is getting cooler and cooler.
5. 表示即将发生的事情,通常适用于暂短性动词。
Pm going to Paris for my holidays next week.
6. 现在进行时的动词形式通常以助动词be(am, is, are)及动词原形加-ing,即动词的现在分词表示,其规则如下:
1) 一般动词都在词尾加-ing,如:working,planting, carrying, discussing 等。
2) 当动词以-e结尾时,先去掉-e,再加-ing,如:shining, leaving, skating, writing。
以-oe,-ee,-ye 结尾的动词,直接加-ing,如:hoeing,dyeing,agreeing 等.
还有特殊变化的,如:die+ing—dying lie+ing—lying
3) 当动词为重读闭音节或以重读闭音节结尾时,要重复词尾的辅音字母,再加-ing,如: running, stopping, swimming, beginning 等.
7. 现在进行时常用的时间状语有:now, nowadays, at the moment, these days等。
 
【知识梳理4】过去进行时
1. 表示过去某时正在进行的动作。
We were taking a walk when we met our maths teacher.
2. 表示过去某个阶段暂时性习惯动作。
He is a driver, but at that time he was working in a factory.
3. 表示过去不断重复的动作。
Mrs. Green was always complaining about something.
4. 过去进行时的动词形式通常以助动词be (was,were)加动词的现在分词-ing形式表示, 其构成规则与现在进行时相同。
5. 过去进行时常用的时间状语有:this time yesterday, at that time, at the moment 等。
 
【巩固练习】
1. Don’t make any noise. The teachers             (have) a meeting.
2. Betty             (make) a telephone call to her pen pal at that time yesterday.
3. I             (not do) anything at the moment.
4. He told me that my mother             (wait) for me outside.
5. Spring is here. It             (get) warmer and warmer.
6. What             you             (do) when I called you yesterday evening?
7. All those wastes             (pollute) the river these years.
8. My mother             (cook) in the kitchen when my father returned home.
9. I             (see) him when I             (walk) in the park.
10. It             (rain) at the moment, so we             (stay) indoors yesterday afternoon.
Keys: 1. are having   2. was making 3. am not doing4. was waiting5.is getting6. were, doing
7. are polluting8.was cooking   9. saw, was walking    10. was raining, stayed
 
【知识梳理5】现在完成时
一、现在完成时含义
    现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,但影响却一直持续,也就是说, 动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在。
e.g. I have lost my wallet. (含义是:现在我没有钱花了。)
Jane has laid the table.(含义是:已可以吃饭了。)
   Michael has been ill. (含义是:现在仍然很虚弱。)
   He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地)
二、现在完成时结构:助动词have /has+动词过去分词。
三、现在完成时用法
1、现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的情况,常与for, since连用。 
e.g. Mary has been ill for three days.
          I have lived here since 1998.
2、现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用, 如already, yet, just, before, recently, lately等:
e.g. He has already obtained a scholarship.
         I haven’t seen much of him recently/lately.
         We have seen that film before.
         Have they found the missing child yet?
3、现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如often, sometimes, ever, never, twice, on several occasions等:
e.g. Have you ever been to Beijing?  
          I have never heard Bunny say anything against her.
          I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.
          George has met that gentleman on several occasions.
4、现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now, up to these few days/weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now, just, today, up to present, so far等。
e.g. Peter has written six papers so far.
          Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.
          There has been too much rain this year.
          The relations between us have been enhanced in the past few years.
          Up to the present everything has been successful.
5、现在完成时表示现在之前就已完成的动作, 虽然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续, 但是有一些现在完成时的句子,在后面加上for+一段时间,则现在完成时的动作就表示延续性。
E.g. Thomas has studied Russian. (现在不再学俄语)
           Thomas has studied Russian for three years.  
(=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.)
★考点;have/has gone to、have/has been to 和have/has been in的区别:
     have/ has gone to   去了某地     have/ has been to   去过某地    
     have/ has been in   已经在…, 常与一段时间连用
     e.g. She has been to Shanghai twice.  她曾去过上海两次。
        She has been in Shanghai for ten years.  她在上海10年了。
        Has he gone to Qingdao? 他去青岛了吗?

初中英语十大时态的定义,用法,结构及例句

8. 初中英语时态8种基本时态结构

初中英语中的八个基本时态,即:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时。
时态表示经常、反复发生的动作或行为,不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。在语法里,时或时态表示行为发生的时间和说话时的关系。一般分为过去式、现在式、将来式,通常也有与表示动作进行或终止的进行式和完成式等体貌一起相连用的情况。

将来时态的5种句型是如下:
一、肯定句:We will visit you tomorrow。
二、否定句:We will not go to school on Sunday。
三、疑问句:Shall we go shopping。
四、特殊疑问句:Why won’t go with us。
五、不定式,意为马上做某事:be about to。
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