诺贝尔生平简历

1. 诺贝尔生平简历

阿尔弗雷德·贝恩哈德·诺贝尔(Alfred Bernhard Nobel)生于1833年10月21日。他是瑞典出生的化学家、工程师和企业家，他发明了炸药，建立了著名的诺贝尔奖金。诺贝尔生前的确拥有Bofors (卜福斯)公司。此公司拥有350年历史，此前主要生产钢铁。
诺贝尔拥有Bofors后把公司主要产品方向改为生产军工产品。在第二次世界大战中该公司多项产品曾授权多国生产，并受军队广泛好评。 诺贝尔一生拥有355项专利发明，并在欧美等五大洲20个国家开设了约100家公司和工厂，积累了巨额财富。
1859年，在美国待了4年后，诺贝尔返回瑞典开办工厂制造硝化甘油。1864年工厂突然爆炸，炸死了诺贝尔最小的弟弟和另外4个人。2年后，他发明了火药，一种安全便于管理的硝化甘油的形式。
在他逝世的前一年，立嘱将其遗产的大部分(约920万美元)作为基金，将每年所得利息分为5份，设立物理、化学、生理或医学、文学及和平5种奖金(即诺贝尔奖)，授予世界各国在这些领域对人类作出重大贡献的人。其中炸药为最为出名的一项。人造元素锘(Nobelium)就是以诺贝尔命名的。
主要成就：
诺贝尔母亲是以发现淋巴管而成为著名的瑞典博物学家鲁德贝克的后裔，他从父亲伊曼纽尔诺贝尔那里学习了工程学的基础，也像父亲一样具有发明的才能。
诺贝尔的父亲伊曼纽尔诺贝尔是位发明家，在俄国拥有大型机械工厂，18401859年其父在圣彼得堡从事大规模水雷生产，这些水雷及其他武器曾用于克里米亚战争。他发明了家用取暖的锅炉系统、制造木轮的机器、设计制造了大锻锤，并改造了工厂设备。
1853年5月，沙皇尼古拉一世为了表彰伊曼纽尔诺贝尔的功绩，破例授予他勋章。在父亲永不停息的创造精神影响和引导下，诺贝尔走上了光辉灿烂的科学发明道路。诺贝尔一家于1842年离开斯德哥尔摩同当时正在圣彼得堡的父亲相团聚。
他的299种发明专利中有129种发明是关于炸药的，所以诺贝尔被称为炸药大王。 诺贝尔一生未婚，没有子女。一生的大部分时间忍受着疾病的折磨。他生前有两句名言：我更关心生者的肚皮，而不是以纪念碑的形式对死者的缅怀、我看不出我应得到任何荣誉，我对此也没有兴趣。

扩展资料：
为了纪念诺贝尔，诺贝尔奖各奖项颁奖仪式要在每年的诺贝尔逝世纪念日举行。颁奖仪式上，男士要穿燕尾服或民族服装，女士要穿严肃的晚礼服，仪式中所用的白花和黄花必须从意大利的圣莫雷运来。
2015年3月，瑞典的诺贝尔博物馆展出了发明家阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔的遗嘱手稿，这是这份手稿首次向公众展出。诺贝尔一生拥有355项专利发明，并在欧美等五大洲20个国家开设了约100家公司和工厂，积累了巨额财富。诺贝尔奖授予世界各国在这些领域对人类作出重大贡献的人。
参考资料：
阿尔弗雷德·贝恩哈德·诺贝尔-百度百科

2. 【Ip Man：The Final Fight】【高清蓝光720P版BD-RMVB.粤语中字】种子下载地址有么？好人一生平安

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3. 谁有关于Jonathan Swift他的一生简介。用英语。。。

Jonathan Swift, son of the English lawyer Jonathan Swift the elder, was born in Dublin, Ireland, on November 30, 1667. He grew up there in the care of his uncle before attending Trinity College at the age of fourteen, where he stayed for seven years, graduating in 1688. In that year, he became the secretary of Sir William Temple, an English politician and member of the Whig party. In 1694, he took religious orders in the Church of Ireland and then spent a year as a country parson. He then spent further time in the service of Temple before returning to Ireland to become the chaplain of the earl of Berkeley. Meanwhile, he had begun to write satires on the political and religious corruption surrounding him, working on A Tale of a Tub, which supports the position of the Anglican Church against its critics on the left and the right, and The Battle of the Books, which argues for the supremacy of the classics against modern thought and literature. He also wrote a number of political pamphlets in favor of the Whig party. In 1709 he went to London to campaign for the Irish church but was unsuccessful. After some conflicts with the Whig party, mostly because of Swift’s strong allegiance to the church, he became a member of the more conservative Tory party in 1710. 
Unfortunately for Swift, the Tory government fell out of power in 1714 and Swift, despite his fame for his writings, fell out of favor. Swift, who had been hoping to be assigned a position in the Church of England, instead returned to Dublin, where he became the dean of St. Patrick’s. During his brief time in England, Swift had become friends with writers such as Alexander Pope, and during a meeting of their literary club, the Martinus Scriblerus Club, they decided to write satires of modern learning. The third voyage of Gulliver’s Travels is assembled from the work Swift did during this time. However, the final work was not completed until 1726, and the narrative of the third voyage was actually the last one completed. After his return to Ireland, Swift became a staunch supporter of the Irish against English attempts to weaken their economy and political power, writing pamphlets such as the satirical A Modest Proposal, in which he suggests that the Irish problems of famine and overpopulation could be easily solved by having the babies of poor Irish subjects sold as delicacies to feed the rich. 
Late in life, Swift seemed to many observers to become even more caustic and bitter than he had been. Three years before his death, he was declared unable to care for himself, and guardians were appointed. Based on these facts and on a comparison between Swift’s fate and that of his character Gulliver, some people have concluded that he gradually became insane and that his insanity was a natural outgrowth of his indignation and outrage against humankind. However, the truth seems to be that Swift was suddenly incapacitated by a paralytic stroke late in life, and that prior to this incident his mental capacities were unimpaired. 
Religious Belief: Swift was a clergyman, a member of the Church of Ireland, the Irish branch of the Anglican Church; and as such he was a militant defender of his church in the face of the threats to its continued existence posed by Roman Catholicism at home in Ireland and in England, where Swift and his peers saw the Catholics as threatening not only the Anglican Church but the English Constitution. Swift was conservative by nature: he instinctively sought stability in religion as in politics, but stability which insured personal freedoms. So far as he was concerned, religion, morality, and politics were inseparable: he consistently attacked theological attempts to define and limit orthodoxy. He believed that the divisive tendencies of Mankind had promoted the general decay of Christianity itself, which had lost its original clarity, simplicity, and coherence.
He adhered to the tenets of the Anglican Church because he had been brought up to respect them; the Church of Ireland was the church of his social class and his own ambitions were involved in its success; and he saw the Church as a force for rationality and moderation. He believed that in Man God had created an animal which was not inherently rational but only occasionally capable of behaving reasonably. It is our tendency to disappoint that he rages against: his works embody his attempts to maintain order and reason in a world which tended toward chaos and disorder, and he concerned himself more with the concrete social, political, and moral aspects of human nature than with the abstractions of philosophy, theology, and metaphysics. 

Politics seems to have been of interest to Swift early in his career because it affected the strength and stability of the Anglican Church of which he was a member. The restoration of the Catholic monarchy was a real threat during his lifetime which he feared would result in the loss of the liberties, privileges, and freedoms. Between the Restoration and James II's final flight to France, it had appeared likely, to Swift's social class that the English monarchy might relapse into a religious and political despotism. William of Orange, proclaiming himself the defender of English freedoms, landed in England with 15,000 troops, while James, his popular support evaporating, fled to France. The Revolution made English constitutionalism much more secure: the powers of the monarchy were limited, those of parliament were strengthened. Respect for the civil and religious liberties of the loyal subject was strongly emphasized. Early in his life Swift was a member of the Whig party. The Whig government's flirtation with the Dissenters helped to drive him into the Tory camp, at time when it seemed to be a change to advance his career. When Queen Anne died and the Tory Government fell, he lost forever the chance of religious preferment in England which he had coveted for so long. The political pamphlets, however, which he ultimately produced while he lived in Ireland, made him popular. Those tracts and satires like "A Modest Proposal" was a way he defended the interests of his church and his class, against which he increasingly recognized as English colonialism. He was idolized by a people the vast majority of whom, since they were Roman Catholics, he would have denied religious and political freedom. After his death he became a national hero and, more importantly, was perceived as having been a nationalist leader--which, in a real though limited sense, he certainly was.

4. 哪有正品Jordan Flight 45 High 黑/白配色卖 价钱是多少 ...

原价898。。淘宝上就有。。